ERC WORKING PAPERS
Changes in Global Trade Patterns and Women's Employment in
Manufacturing: an Analysis over the Period of Asianization and
De-industrialization
Burca
Kizilirmak, Emel Memis, Sirin Saracoglu and Ebru Voyvoda
Abstract:
The purpose of this study is to explore the employment effects of
changes in manufacturing output resulting from changes in trade
patterns over the period 1995-2006. For 30 countries (21 OECD and 9
non-OECD countries) we estimate the changes in embodied labor content
due to trade using the factor-content analysis by breaking up the
sources of these changes between the trade with the North, the South
and China. We also decompose changes in employment into its components
as changes within and across sectors. Our results present a net
negative impact of trade on total employment in 30 countries over the
period of analysis (despite employment gains in 17 countries). In all
countries (except for Philippines and Republic of Korea) trade with
China has a negative impact on total employment with a stronger
negative effect on women’s employment. Employment losses in the
South due to surge in imports from China are coupled with declining
exports to the North as many countries in the North shift their imports
to emerging economies in Asia. Decomposition results indicate that
decline in the share of women’s employment is mainly due to
shifts between sectors rather than within sector changes. Changes in
women’s employment are still highly dependent on the movements in
‘traditional’ manufacturing sectors including food,
textiles and wearing apparel.
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